爱德思International Alevel（IAL）经济4个单元都学什么？_爱德斯经济

爱德思International Alevel（IAL）经济4个单元都学什么？

同CIE AL经济不同，Edexcel爱德思International Alevel（IAL）经济属于modular，也就是模块型课程。通俗点讲，就是整个2年课程分为4个单元来进行学习和考试。

其中，AS阶段学习第1单元和第2单元；A2阶段学习第3单元和第4单元。

AS单元：

Unit 1. Markets in action 市场运行

Unit 2.Macroeconomic performance and policy 宏观经济表现与政策

A2单元:

Unit 3. Business behaviour 商业行为

Unit 4. Developments in the global economy 全球经济发展

那么，这4个单元，分别都会学习到哪些知识点呢？我们一个一个来看。

（注：以下内容全部来自大纲）

U1: Markets in action

第1单元Markets in action 市场运行学习内容具体包括：

The nature of economics

Positive and normative economics

Scarcity

Production possibility frontiers

Specialisation and the role of money and financial markets

Free market, mixed and command economies

Rational decision making

The demand curve

Price, income and cross-elasticities of demand

Price, income and cross-elasticities of demand

The supply curve

Price elasticity of supply

Determination of market equilibrium

Consumer and producer surplus

Functions of the price mechanism

Indirect taxes and subsidies

Sources of market failure

Positive and negative externalities

Non-provision of public goods

Imperfect market information

Moral hazard

Speculation and market bubbles

Purpose and methods of government intervention

Government failure

U2: Macroeconomic performance

and policy

第2单元Macroeconomic performance and policy 宏观经济表现与政策，学习内容具体包括：

Economic growth

Inflation

Employment and unemployment

Balance pf payments

The characteristics of AD

Consumption (C)

Investment (I)

Government expenditure (G)

Net trade balance (X−M)

The characteristics of AS

Short-run AS (SRAS)

Long-run AS (LRAS)

National income

Injections and withdrawals

Equilibrium level of real output

The multiplier

Causes of growth

Benefits of growth

Costs of growth

Output gaps

Macroeconomic objectives

Possible conflicts between macroeconomic objectives

Macroeconomic supply-side policies

Macroeconomic demand-side policies

U3: Business behaviour

第3单元Business behaviour商业行为学习内容具体包括：

Types of business

Size of businesses

Business objectives

Revenue

Costs

Economies and diseconomies of scale

Profits and losses

Efficiency

Concentration ratio

Perfect competition

Monopolistic competition

Oligopoly

Monopoly

Monopsony

Contestability

The demand for labour

The supply of labour

The determination of wage rates in competitive and non-competitive markets

Market failure in the labour market

Government intervention in product markets

Government intervention in labour markets

U4: Developments in global

economy

第4单元Developments in the global economy 全球经济发展学习内容具体包括：

Characteristics of globalisation

Causes of globalisation

Effects of globalisation

Specialisation and comparative advantage

Patterns and volume of world trade

Terms of trade

Trade liberalisation and trading blocs

Restrictions on free trade

Balance of paymemts

Exchangerates

International competitiveness

Poverty

Inequality

Public expenditure

Taxation

Public sector borrowing and public sector debt

Macroeconomic policies

Measures of economic development

Constraints on growth and development

Measuresto promote growth and development